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We introduce Open3DIS, a novel solution designed to tackle the problem of Open-Vocabulary Instance Segmentation within 3D scenes. Objects within 3D environments exhibit diverse shapes, scales, and colors, making precise instance-level identification a challenging task. Recent advancements in Open-Vocabulary scene understanding have made significant strides in this area by employing class-agnostic 3D instance proposal networks for object localization and learning queryable features for each 3D mask. While these methods produce high-quality instance proposals, they struggle with identifying small-scale and geometrically ambiguous objects. The key idea of our method is a new module that aggregates 2D instance masks across frames and maps them to geometrically coherent point cloud regions as high-quality object proposals addressing the above limitations. These are then combined with 3D class-agnostic instance proposals to include a wide range of objects in the real world. To validate our approach, we conducted experiments on three prominent datasets, including ScanNet200, S3DIS, and Replica, demonstrating significant performance gains in segmenting objects with diverse categories over the state-of-the-art approaches.

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has ushered in a new era for design science in Information Systems, demanding a paradigm shift in tailoring LLMs design for business contexts. This paper proposes a novel framework to customize LLMs for general business contexts that aims to achieve three fundamental objectives simultaneously: (1) aligning conversational patterns, (2) integrating in-depth domain knowledge, and (3) embodying the soft skills and core principles. We design methodologies to combine domain-specific theory with Supervised Fine Tuning (SFT) in LLMs. We instantiate our proposed framework in the context of medical consultation, creating a GPT-doctor model. Specifically, we construct a comprehensive dataset for SFT by collecting large volume of real doctors consultation records from a leading online medical consultation platform and medical knowledge from professional databases. Additionally, drawing on medical theory, we identify three soft skills and core principles of human doctors including professionalism, explainability, and emotional support, and design approaches to integrate these skills into LLMs. We demonstrate the feasibility and performance of our proposed framework using online experiments with real patients as well as evaluation by domain experts and real consumers. Results demonstrate that fine-tuned GPT-doctor performs on par with human doctors across multiple metrics including medical expertise and consumer preference. Finally, we unravel the black box and examine the sources of model performance improvement from the perspectives of horizontal conversation pattern alignment and vertical medical knowledge evolution. Our proposed framework offers step-by-step principles and guidance for customizing LLMs for real-world business problems.

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for solving linear numeric planning problems, called Symbolic Pattern Planning. Given a planning problem $\Pi$, a bound $n$ and a pattern -- defined as an arbitrary sequence of actions -- we encode the problem of finding a plan for $\Pi$ with bound $n$ as a formula with fewer variables and/or clauses than the state-of-the-art rolled-up and relaxed-relaxed-$\exists$ encodings. More importantly, we prove that for any given bound, it is never the case that the latter two encodings allow finding a valid plan while ours does not. On the experimental side, we consider 6 other planning systems -- including the ones which participated in this year's International Planning Competition (IPC) -- and we show that our planner Patty has remarkably good comparative performances on this year's IPC problems.

Centered around solving the Online Saddle Point problem, this paper introduces the Online Convex-Concave Optimization (OCCO) framework, which involves a sequence of two-player time-varying convex-concave games. We propose the generalized duality gap (Dual-Gap) as the performance metric and establish the parallel relationship between OCCO with Dual-Gap and Online Convex Optimization (OCO) with regret. To demonstrate the natural extension of OCCO from OCO, we develop two algorithms, the implicit online mirror descent-ascent and its optimistic variant. Analysis reveals that their duality gaps share similar expression forms with the corresponding dynamic regrets arising from implicit updates in OCO. Empirical results further substantiate the effectiveness of our algorithms. Simultaneously, we unveil that the dynamic Nash equilibrium regret, which was initially introduced in a recent paper, has inherent defects.

In this paper, we introduce Neural Information Retrieval resources for 11 widely spoken Indian Languages (Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, and Telugu) from two major Indian language families (Indo-Aryan and Dravidian). These resources include (a) INDIC-MARCO, a multilingual version of the MSMARCO dataset in 11 Indian Languages created using Machine Translation, and (b) Indic-ColBERT, a collection of 11 distinct Monolingual Neural Information Retrieval models, each trained on one of the 11 languages in the INDIC-MARCO dataset. To the best of our knowledge, IndicIRSuite is the first attempt at building large-scale Neural Information Retrieval resources for a large number of Indian languages, and we hope that it will help accelerate research in Neural IR for Indian Languages. Experiments demonstrate that Indic-ColBERT achieves 47.47% improvement in the MRR@10 score averaged over the INDIC-MARCO baselines for all 11 Indian languages except Oriya, 12.26% improvement in the NDCG@10 score averaged over the MIRACL Bengali and Hindi Language baselines, and 20% improvement in the MRR@100 Score over the Mr.Tydi Bengali Language baseline. IndicIRSuite is available at //github.com/saifulhaq95/IndicIRSuite

We propose a new method called the Metropolis-adjusted Mirror Langevin algorithm for approximate sampling from distributions whose support is a compact and convex set. This algorithm adds an accept-reject filter to the Markov chain induced by a single step of the mirror Langevin algorithm (Zhang et al., 2020), which is a basic discretisation of the mirror Langevin dynamics. Due to the inclusion of this filter, our method is unbiased relative to the target, while known discretisations of the mirror Langevin dynamics including the mirror Langevin algorithm have an asymptotic bias. We give upper bounds for the mixing time of the proposed algorithm when the potential is relatively smooth, convex, and Lipschitz with respect to a self-concordant mirror function. As a consequence of the reversibility of the Markov chain induced by the algorithm, we obtain an exponentially better dependence on the error tolerance for approximate sampling. We also present numerical experiments that corroborate our theoretical findings.

This paper surveys vision-language pre-training (VLP) methods for multimodal intelligence that have been developed in the last few years. We group these approaches into three categories: ($i$) VLP for image-text tasks, such as image captioning, image-text retrieval, visual question answering, and visual grounding; ($ii$) VLP for core computer vision tasks, such as (open-set) image classification, object detection, and segmentation; and ($iii$) VLP for video-text tasks, such as video captioning, video-text retrieval, and video question answering. For each category, we present a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art methods, and discuss the progress that has been made and challenges still being faced, using specific systems and models as case studies. In addition, for each category, we discuss advanced topics being actively explored in the research community, such as big foundation models, unified modeling, in-context few-shot learning, knowledge, robustness, and computer vision in the wild, to name a few.

In Multi-Label Text Classification (MLTC), one sample can belong to more than one class. It is observed that most MLTC tasks, there are dependencies or correlations among labels. Existing methods tend to ignore the relationship among labels. In this paper, a graph attention network-based model is proposed to capture the attentive dependency structure among the labels. The graph attention network uses a feature matrix and a correlation matrix to capture and explore the crucial dependencies between the labels and generate classifiers for the task. The generated classifiers are applied to sentence feature vectors obtained from the text feature extraction network (BiLSTM) to enable end-to-end training. Attention allows the system to assign different weights to neighbor nodes per label, thus allowing it to learn the dependencies among labels implicitly. The results of the proposed model are validated on five real-world MLTC datasets. The proposed model achieves similar or better performance compared to the previous state-of-the-art models.

BERT, a pre-trained Transformer model, has achieved ground-breaking performance on multiple NLP tasks. In this paper, we describe BERTSUM, a simple variant of BERT, for extractive summarization. Our system is the state of the art on the CNN/Dailymail dataset, outperforming the previous best-performed system by 1.65 on ROUGE-L. The codes to reproduce our results are available at //github.com/nlpyang/BertSum

Attention mechanism has been used as an ancillary means to help RNN or CNN. However, the Transformer (Vaswani et al., 2017) recently recorded the state-of-the-art performance in machine translation with a dramatic reduction in training time by solely using attention. Motivated by the Transformer, Directional Self Attention Network (Shen et al., 2017), a fully attention-based sentence encoder, was proposed. It showed good performance with various data by using forward and backward directional information in a sentence. But in their study, not considered at all was the distance between words, an important feature when learning the local dependency to help understand the context of input text. We propose Distance-based Self-Attention Network, which considers the word distance by using a simple distance mask in order to model the local dependency without losing the ability of modeling global dependency which attention has inherent. Our model shows good performance with NLI data, and it records the new state-of-the-art result with SNLI data. Additionally, we show that our model has a strength in long sentences or documents.