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In speaker verification, ECAPA-TDNN has shown remarkable improvement by utilizing one-dimensional(1D) Res2Net block and squeeze-and-excitation(SE) module, along with multi-layer feature aggregation (MFA). Meanwhile, in vision tasks, ConvNet structures have been modernized by referring to Transformer, resulting in improved performance. In this paper, we present an improved block design for TDNN in speaker verification. Inspired by recent ConvNet structures, we replace the SE-Res2Net block in ECAPA-TDNN with a novel 1D two-step multi-scale ConvNeXt block, which we call \textit{TS-ConvNeXt}. The TS-ConvNeXt block is constructed using two separated sub-modules: a temporal multi-scale convolution (MSC) and a frame-wise feed-forward network (FFN). This two-step design allows for flexible capturing of inter-frame and intra-frame contexts. Additionally, we introduce global response normalization (GRN) for the FFN modules to enable more selective feature propagation, similar to the SE module in ECAPA-TDNN. Experimental results demonstrate that NeXt-TDNN, with a modernized backbone block, significantly improved performance in speaker verification tasks while reducing parameter size and inference time. We have released our code for future studies.

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Recently, there have been significant advancements in Image Restoration based on CNN and transformer. However, the inherent characteristics of the Image Restoration task are often overlooked in many works. These works often focus on the basic block design and stack numerous basic blocks to the model, leading to redundant parameters and unnecessary computations and hindering the efficiency of the image restoration. In this paper, we propose a Lightweight Image Restoration network called LIR to efficiently remove degradation (blur, rain, noise, haze, etc.). A key component in LIR is the Efficient Adaptive Attention (EAA) Block, which is mainly composed of Adaptive Filters and Attention Blocks. It is capable of adaptively sharpening contours, removing degradation, and capturing global information in various image restoration scenes in an efficient and computation-friendly manner. In addition, through a simple structural design, LIR addresses the degradations existing in the local and global residual connections that are ignored by modern networks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our LIR achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art networks on most benchmarks with fewer parameters and computations. It is worth noting that our LIR produces better visual results than state-of-the-art networks that are more in line with the human aesthetic.

Leading models for the text-to-SQL task heavily rely on proprietary Large Language Models (LLMs), posing concerns over data privacy. Closing the performance gap between small open-source models and large proprietary models is crucial to mitigate this reliance. To this end, we introduce a novel two-stage fine-tuning approach that decomposes the task into two simpler tasks. Through comprehensive evaluation on two large cross-domain datasets and two small LLMs, we show that this approach improves execution accuracy by 3 to 7 percent, effectively aligning the performance of open-source models with their proprietary counterparts.

We introduce SuperCLUE-Math6(SC-Math6), a new benchmark dataset to evaluate the mathematical reasoning abilities of Chinese language models. SC-Math6 is designed as an upgraded Chinese version of the GSM8K dataset with enhanced difficulty, diversity, and application scope. It consists of over 2000 mathematical word problems requiring multi-step reasoning and providing natural language solutions. We propose an innovative scheme to quantify the reasoning capability of large models based on performance over problems with different reasoning steps. Experiments on 13 representative Chinese models demonstrate a clear stratification of reasoning levels, with top models like GPT-4 showing superior performance. SC-Math6 fills the gap in Chinese mathematical reasoning benchmarks and provides a comprehensive testbed to advance the intelligence of Chinese language models.

We present a novel tool BertRLFuzzer, a BERT and Reinforcement Learning (RL) based fuzzer aimed at finding security vulnerabilities for Web applications. BertRLFuzzer works as follows: given a set of seed inputs, the fuzzer performs grammar-adhering and attack-provoking mutation operations on them to generate candidate attack vectors. The key insight of BertRLFuzzer is the use of RL with a BERT model as an agent to guide the fuzzer to efficiently learn grammar-adhering and attack-provoking mutation operators. In order to establish the efficacy of BertRLFuzzer we compare it against a total of 13 black box and white box fuzzers over a benchmark of 9 victim websites with over 16K LOC. We observed a significant improvement relative to the nearest competing tool in terms of time to first attack (54% less), new vulnerabilities found (17 new vulnerabilities), and attack rate (4.4% more attack vectors generated).

Recently emerged prompt-based Recommendation Language Models (RLM) can solve multiple recommendation tasks uniformly. The RLMs make full use of the inherited knowledge learned from the abundant pre-training data to solve the downstream recommendation tasks by prompts, without introducing additional parameters or network training. However, handcrafted prompts require significant expertise and human effort since slightly rewriting prompts may cause massive performance changes. In this paper, we propose PAP-REC, a framework to generate the Personalized Automatic Prompt for RECommendation language models to mitigate the inefficiency and ineffectiveness problems derived from manually designed prompts. Specifically, personalized automatic prompts allow different users to have different prompt tokens for the same task, automatically generated using a gradient-based method. One challenge for personalized automatic prompt generation for recommendation language models is the extremely large search space, leading to a long convergence time. To effectively and efficiently address the problem, we develop surrogate metrics and leverage an alternative updating schedule for prompting recommendation language models. Experimental results show that our PAP-REC framework manages to generate personalized prompts, and the automatically generated prompts outperform manually constructed prompts and also outperform various baseline recommendation models. The source code of the work is available at //github.com/rutgerswiselab/PAP-REC.

We present UNSEE: Unsupervised Non-Contrastive Sentence Embeddings, a novel approach that outperforms SimCSE in the Massive Text Embedding benchmark. Our exploration begins by addressing the challenge of representation collapse, a phenomenon observed when contrastive objectives in SimCSE are replaced with non-contrastive objectives. To counter this issue, we propose a straightforward solution known as the target network, effectively mitigating representation collapse. The introduction of the target network allows us to leverage non-contrastive objectives, maintaining training stability while achieving performance improvements comparable to contrastive objectives. Our method has achieved peak performance in non-contrastive sentence embeddings through meticulous fine-tuning and optimization. This comprehensive effort has yielded superior sentence representation models, showcasing the effectiveness of our approach.

Despite recent significant strides achieved by diffusion-based Text-to-Image (T2I) models, current systems are still less capable of ensuring decent compositional generation aligned with text prompts, particularly for the multi-object generation. This work illuminates the fundamental reasons for such misalignment, pinpointing issues related to low attention activation scores and mask overlaps. While previous research efforts have individually tackled these issues, we assert that a holistic approach is paramount. Thus, we propose two novel objectives, the Separate loss and the Enhance loss, that reduce object mask overlaps and maximize attention scores, respectively. Our method diverges from conventional test-time-adaptation techniques, focusing on finetuning critical parameters, which enhances scalability and generalizability. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate the superior performance of our model in terms of image realism, text-image alignment, and adaptability, notably outperforming prominent baselines. Ultimately, this research paves the way for T2I diffusion models with enhanced compositional capacities and broader applicability.

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) stands as a foundational framework for image segmentation. While it exhibits remarkable zero-shot generalization in typical scenarios, its advantage diminishes when applied to specialized domains like medical imagery and remote sensing. To address this limitation, this paper introduces Conv-LoRA, a simple yet effective parameter-efficient fine-tuning approach. By integrating ultra-lightweight convolutional parameters into Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), Conv-LoRA can inject image-related inductive biases into the plain ViT encoder, further reinforcing SAM's local prior assumption. Notably, Conv-LoRA not only preserves SAM's extensive segmentation knowledge but also revives its capacity of learning high-level image semantics, which is constrained by SAM's foreground-background segmentation pretraining. Comprehensive experimentation across diverse benchmarks spanning multiple domains underscores Conv-LoRA's superiority in adapting SAM to real-world semantic segmentation tasks.

Recent advancements have significantly augmented the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through various methodologies, especially chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. However, previous methods fail to address reasoning errors in intermediate steps, leading to accumulative errors.In this paper, we propose Deductive Beam Search (DBS), which seamlessly integrates CoT and deductive reasoning with step-wise beam search for LLMs. Our approach deploys a verifier, verifying the deducibility of a reasoning step and its premises, thus alleviating the error accumulation. Furthermore, we introduce a scalable and labor-free data construction method to amplify our model's verification capabilities. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach significantly enhances the base performance of LLMs of various scales (7B, 13B, 70B, and ChatGPT) across 8 reasoning datasets from 3 diverse reasoning genres, including arithmetic, commonsense, and symbolic. Moreover, our analysis proves DBS's capability of detecting diverse and subtle reasoning errors and robustness on different model scales.

We propose a novel single shot object detection network named Detection with Enriched Semantics (DES). Our motivation is to enrich the semantics of object detection features within a typical deep detector, by a semantic segmentation branch and a global activation module. The segmentation branch is supervised by weak segmentation ground-truth, i.e., no extra annotation is required. In conjunction with that, we employ a global activation module which learns relationship between channels and object classes in a self-supervised manner. Comprehensive experimental results on both PASCAL VOC and MS COCO detection datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. In particular, with a VGG16 based DES, we achieve an mAP of 81.7 on VOC2007 test and an mAP of 32.8 on COCO test-dev with an inference speed of 31.5 milliseconds per image on a Titan Xp GPU. With a lower resolution version, we achieve an mAP of 79.7 on VOC2007 with an inference speed of 13.0 milliseconds per image.

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