Intro to the Metaverse,Newzoo Trend Report 2021,對元宇宙概念、結構、生態、為何突然爆發等進行了詳細介紹。
In the coming years, quantum networks will allow quantum applications to thrive thanks to the new opportunities offered by end-to-end entanglement of qubits on remote hosts via quantum repeaters. On a geographical scale, this will lead to the dawn of the Quantum Internet. While a full-blown deployment is yet to come, the research community is already working on a variety of individual enabling technologies and solutions. In this paper, with the guidance of extensive simulations, we take a broader view and investigate the problems of Quality of Service (QoS) and provisioning in the context of quantum networks, which are very different from their counterparts in classical data networks due to some of their fundamental properties. Our work leads the way towards a new class of studies that will allow the research community to better understand the challenges of quantum networks and their potential commercial exploitation.
This technical report contains the proofs to the lemmata and theorems of [15] as well as some additional material. The main contributions of [15] are the analysis of the applicability of several quality criteria for encodings within a quantum based setting and a discussion on new, quantum specific criteria. Therefore, an encoding from one quantum based process calculi into another is presented and the quality criteria are applied to it. The separation result proves the absence of an encoding the other way around.
Natural language processing can facilitate the analysis of a person's mental state from text they have written. Previous studies have developed models that can predict whether a person is experiencing a mental health condition from social media posts with high accuracy. Yet, these models cannot explain why the person is experiencing a particular mental state. In this work, we present a new method for explaining a person's mental state from text using Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS). Our MCTS algorithm employs trained classification models to guide the search for key phrases that explain the writer's mental state in a concise, interpretable manner. Furthermore, our algorithm can find both explanations that depend on the particular context of the text (e.g., a recent breakup) and those that are context-independent. Using a dataset of Reddit posts that exhibit stress, we demonstrate the ability of our MCTS algorithm to identify interpretable explanations for a person's feeling of stress in both a context-dependent and context-independent manner.
Designers reportedly struggle with design optimization tasks where they are asked to find a combination of design parameters that maximizes a given set of objectives. In HCI, design optimization problems are often exceedingly complex, involving multiple objectives and expensive empirical evaluations. Model-based computational design algorithms assist designers by generating design examples during design, however they assume a model of the interaction domain. Black box methods for assistance, on the other hand, can work with any design problem. However, virtually all empirical studies of this human-in-the-loop approach have been carried out by either researchers or end-users. The question stands out if such methods can help designers in realistic tasks. In this paper, we study Bayesian optimization as an algorithmic method to guide the design optimization process. It operates by proposing to a designer which design candidate to try next, given previous observations. We report observations from a comparative study with 40 novice designers who were tasked to optimize a complex 3D touch interaction technique. The optimizer helped designers explore larger proportions of the design space and arrive at a better solution, however they reported lower agency and expressiveness. Designers guided by an optimizer reported lower mental effort but also felt less creative and less in charge of the progress. We conclude that human-in-the-loop optimization can support novice designers in cases where agency is not critical.
Recent decades, the emergence of numerous novel algorithms makes it a gimmick to propose an intelligent optimization system based on metaphor, and hinders researchers from exploring the essence of search behavior in algorithms. However, it is difficult to directly discuss the search behavior of an intelligent optimization algorithm, since there are so many kinds of intelligent schemes. To address this problem, an intelligent optimization system is regarded as a simulated physical optimization system in this paper. The dynamic search behavior of such a simplified physical optimization system are investigated with quantum theory. To achieve this goal, the Schroedinger equation is employed as the dynamics equation of the optimization algorithm, which is used to describe dynamic search behaviours in the evolution process with quantum theory. Moreover, to explore the basic behaviour of the optimization system, the optimization problem is assumed to be decomposed and approximated. Correspondingly, the basic search behaviour is derived, which constitutes the basic iterative process of a simple optimization system. The basic iterative process is compared with some classical bare-bones schemes to verify the similarity of search behavior under different metaphors. The search strategies of these bare bones algorithms are analyzed through experiments.
Into the Metaverse,93頁ppt介紹元宇宙概念、應用、趨勢,Wunderman Thompson Intelligence,2021.11
Along with the massive growth of the Internet from the 1990s until now, various innovative technologies have been created to bring users breathtaking experiences with more virtual interactions in cyberspace. Many virtual environments with thousands of services and applications, from social networks to virtual gaming worlds, have been developed with immersive experience and digital transformation, but most are incoherent instead of being integrated into a platform. In this context, metaverse, a term formed by combining meta and universe, has been introduced as a shared virtual world that is fueled by many emerging technologies, such as fifth-generation networks and beyond, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence (AI). Among such technologies, AI has shown the great importance of processing big data to enhance immersive experience and enable human-like intelligence of virtual agents. In this survey, we make a beneficial effort to explore the role of AI in the foundation and development of the metaverse. We first deliver a preliminary of AI, including machine learning algorithms and deep learning architectures, and its role in the metaverse. We then convey a comprehensive investigation of AI-based methods concerning six technical aspects that have potentials for the metaverse: natural language processing, machine vision, blockchain, networking, digital twin, and neural interface, and being potential for the metaverse. Subsequently, several AI-aided applications, such as healthcare, manufacturing, smart cities, and gaming, are studied to be deployed in the virtual worlds. Finally, we conclude the key contribution of this survey and open some future research directions in AI for the metaverse.
9月16日,由北京師范大學新聞傳播學院、光明日報智庫研究與發布中心主辦的“第35期京師中國傳媒智庫發布”會議在北京師范大學京師大廈舉行。活動中,清華大學新聞與傳播學院新媒體研究中心發布了《2020-2021年元宇宙發展研究報告》。
報告分為《理念篇》《產業篇》《風險篇》,聚焦于2021年大熱的“元宇宙”(metaverse)概念,通過對其的概念梳理、理論構建、行業分析,全面解讀這一互聯網行業新風口的深刻內涵,并研判其發展趨勢和潛在風險。
其中,《理念篇》討論了元宇宙誕生的過程和歷史契機、元宇宙的概念界定、虛擬和現實的關系、元宇宙的價值來源、多維時空的搭建等相關的理論問題,并對元宇宙的運作模式分物理、地理、倫理、事理、心理5個部分進行了論述。
《產業篇》討論了元宇宙的技術基礎,分析了元宇宙的行業生態以及中、美、日、韓四國的元宇宙行業發展現狀,最后提出了元宇宙指數體系。
《風險篇》從生產力、穩健性、組織結構、服務功能、適應性、公平性六大為對元宇宙產業生態健康度進行了多維評估,指出目前元宇宙處于“亞健康”狀態,進一步從輿論、技術、資本、倫理和法律規范等層面對元宇宙產業發展十大風險點進行了討論。