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We present a real-time visual-inertial dense mapping method capable of performing incremental 3D mesh reconstruction with high quality using only sequential monocular images and inertial measurement unit (IMU) readings. 6-DoF camera poses are estimated by a robust feature-based visual-inertial odometry (VIO), which also generates noisy sparse 3D map points as a by-product. We propose a sparse point aided multi-view stereo neural network (SPA-MVSNet) that can effectively leverage the informative but noisy sparse points from the VIO system. The sparse depth from VIO is firstly completed by a single-view depth completion network. This dense depth map, although naturally limited in accuracy, is then used as a prior to guide our MVS network in the cost volume generation and regularization for accurate dense depth prediction. Predicted depth maps of keyframe images by the MVS network are incrementally fused into a global map using TSDF-Fusion. We extensively evaluate both the proposed SPA-MVSNet and the entire visual-inertial dense mapping system on several public datasets as well as our own dataset, demonstrating the system's impressive generalization capabilities and its ability to deliver high-quality 3D mesh reconstruction online. Our proposed dense mapping system achieves a 39.7% improvement in F-score over existing systems when evaluated on the challenging scenarios of the EuRoC dataset.

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Networking:IFIP International Conferences on Networking。 Explanation:國際網絡會議。 Publisher:IFIP。 SIT:

Recent advancements in diffusion models have significantly enhanced the data synthesis with 2D control. Yet, precise 3D control in street view generation, crucial for 3D perception tasks, remains elusive. Specifically, utilizing Bird's-Eye View (BEV) as the primary condition often leads to challenges in geometry control (e.g., height), affecting the representation of object shapes, occlusion patterns, and road surface elevations, all of which are essential to perception data synthesis, especially for 3D object detection tasks. In this paper, we introduce MagicDrive, a novel street view generation framework offering diverse 3D geometry controls, including camera poses, road maps, and 3D bounding boxes, together with textual descriptions, achieved through tailored encoding strategies. Besides, our design incorporates a cross-view attention module, ensuring consistency across multiple camera views. With MagicDrive, we achieve high-fidelity street-view synthesis that captures nuanced 3D geometry and various scene descriptions, enhancing tasks like BEV segmentation and 3D object detection.

Data augmentation has been proven effective for training high-accuracy convolutional neural network classifiers by preventing overfitting. However, building deep neural networks in real-world scenarios requires not only high accuracy on clean data but also robustness when data distributions shift. While prior methods have proposed that there is a trade-off between accuracy and robustness, we propose IPMix, a simple data augmentation approach to improve robustness without hurting clean accuracy. IPMix integrates three levels of data augmentation (image-level, patch-level, and pixel-level) into a coherent and label-preserving technique to increase the diversity of training data with limited computational overhead. To further improve the robustness, IPMix introduces structural complexity at different levels to generate more diverse images and adopts the random mixing method for multi-scale information fusion. Experiments demonstrate that IPMix outperforms state-of-the-art corruption robustness on CIFAR-C and ImageNet-C. In addition, we show that IPMix also significantly improves the other safety measures, including robustness to adversarial perturbations, calibration, prediction consistency, and anomaly detection, achieving state-of-the-art or comparable results on several benchmarks, including ImageNet-R, ImageNet-A, and ImageNet-O.

Human hands possess remarkable dexterity and have long served as a source of inspiration for robotic manipulation. In this work, we propose a human $\textbf{H}$and$\textbf{-In}$formed visual representation learning framework to solve difficult $\textbf{Dex}$terous manipulation tasks ($\textbf{H-InDex}$) with reinforcement learning. Our framework consists of three stages: (i) pre-training representations with 3D human hand pose estimation, (ii) offline adapting representations with self-supervised keypoint detection, and (iii) reinforcement learning with exponential moving average BatchNorm. The last two stages only modify $0.36\%$ parameters of the pre-trained representation in total, ensuring the knowledge from pre-training is maintained to the full extent. We empirically study 12 challenging dexterous manipulation tasks and find that H-InDex largely surpasses strong baseline methods and the recent visual foundation models for motor control. Code is available at //yanjieze.com/H-InDex .

Anomaly detection in multivariate time series has emerged as a crucial challenge in time series research, with significant research implications in various fields such as fraud detection, fault diagnosis, and system state estimation. Reconstruction-based models have shown promising potential in recent years for detecting anomalies in time series data. However, due to the rapid increase in data scale and dimensionality, the issues of noise and Weak Identity Mapping (WIM) during time series reconstruction have become increasingly pronounced. To address this, we introduce a novel Adaptive Dynamic Neighbor Mask (ADNM) mechanism and integrate it with the Transformer and Denoising Diffusion Model, creating a new framework for multivariate time series anomaly detection, named Denoising Diffusion Mask Transformer (DDMT). The ADNM module is introduced to mitigate information leakage between input and output features during data reconstruction, thereby alleviating the problem of WIM during reconstruction. The Denoising Diffusion Transformer (DDT) employs the Transformer as an internal neural network structure for Denoising Diffusion Model. It learns the stepwise generation process of time series data to model the probability distribution of the data, capturing normal data patterns and progressively restoring time series data by removing noise, resulting in a clear recovery of anomalies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model that combines Denoising Diffusion Model and the Transformer for multivariate time series anomaly detection. Experimental evaluations were conducted on five publicly available multivariate time series anomaly detection datasets. The results demonstrate that the model effectively identifies anomalies in time series data, achieving state-of-the-art performance in anomaly detection.

Despite significant advances in large-scale text-to-image models, achieving hyper-realistic human image generation remains a desirable yet unsolved task. Existing models like Stable Diffusion and DALL-E 2 tend to generate human images with incoherent parts or unnatural poses. To tackle these challenges, our key insight is that human image is inherently structural over multiple granularities, from the coarse-level body skeleton to fine-grained spatial geometry. Therefore, capturing such correlations between the explicit appearance and latent structure in one model is essential to generate coherent and natural human images. To this end, we propose a unified framework, HyperHuman, that generates in-the-wild human images of high realism and diverse layouts. Specifically, 1) we first build a large-scale human-centric dataset, named HumanVerse, which consists of 340M images with comprehensive annotations like human pose, depth, and surface normal. 2) Next, we propose a Latent Structural Diffusion Model that simultaneously denoises the depth and surface normal along with the synthesized RGB image. Our model enforces the joint learning of image appearance, spatial relationship, and geometry in a unified network, where each branch in the model complements to each other with both structural awareness and textural richness. 3) Finally, to further boost the visual quality, we propose a Structure-Guided Refiner to compose the predicted conditions for more detailed generation of higher resolution. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework yields the state-of-the-art performance, generating hyper-realistic human images under diverse scenarios. Project Page: //snap-research.github.io/HyperHuman/

This paper presents a unique outdoor aerial visual-inertial-LiDAR dataset captured using a multi-sensor payload to promote the global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-denied navigation research. The dataset features flight distances ranging from 300m to 5km, collected using a DJI M600 hexacopter drone and the National Research Council (NRC) Bell 412 Advanced Systems Research Aircraft (ASRA). The dataset consists of hardware synchronized monocular images, IMU measurements, 3D LiDAR point-clouds, and high-precision real-time kinematic (RTK)-GNSS based ground truth. Ten datasets were collected as ROS bags over 100 mins of outdoor environment footage ranging from urban areas, highways, hillsides, prairies, and waterfronts. The datasets were collected to facilitate the development of visual-inertial-LiDAR odometry and mapping algorithms, visual-inertial navigation algorithms, object detection, segmentation, and landing zone detection algorithms based upon real-world drone and full-scale helicopter data. All the datasets contain raw sensor measurements, hardware timestamps, and spatio-temporally aligned ground truth. The intrinsic and extrinsic calibrations of the sensors are also provided along with raw calibration datasets. A performance summary of state-of-the-art methods applied on the datasets is also provided.

Fact-checking real-world claims often requires complex, multi-step reasoning due to the absence of direct evidence to support or refute them. However, existing fact-checking systems often lack transparency in their decision-making, making it challenging for users to comprehend their reasoning process. To address this, we propose the Question-guided Multi-hop Fact-Checking (QACHECK) system, which guides the model's reasoning process by asking a series of questions critical for verifying a claim. QACHECK has five key modules: a claim verifier, a question generator, a question-answering module, a QA validator, and a reasoner. Users can input a claim into QACHECK, which then predicts its veracity and provides a comprehensive report detailing its reasoning process, guided by a sequence of (question, answer) pairs. QACHECK also provides the source of evidence supporting each question, fostering a transparent, explainable, and user-friendly fact-checking process. A recorded video of QACHECK is at //www.youtube.com/watch?v=ju8kxSldM64

Automated landing for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), like multirotor drones, requires intricate software encompassing control algorithms, obstacle avoidance, and machine vision, especially when landing markers assist. Failed landings can lead to significant costs from damaged drones or payloads and the time spent seeking alternative landing solutions. Therefore, it's important to fully test auto-landing systems through simulations before deploying them in the real-world to ensure safety. This paper proposes \tool, a reinforcement learning (RL) augmented search-based testing framework, which constructs diverse and real marker-based landing cases that involve safety violations. Specifically, \tool \ introduces a genetic algorithm (GA) to conservatively search for diverse static environment configurations offline and RL to aggressively manipulate dynamic objects' trajectories online to find potential vulnerabilities in the target deployment environment. Quantitative results reveal that our method generates up to 22.19\% more violation cases and nearly doubles the diversity of generated violation cases compared to baseline methods. Qualitatively, our method can discover those corner cases which would be missed by state-of-the-art algorithms. We demonstrate that select types of these corner cases can be confirmed via real-world testing with drones in the field.

Product attribute value extraction plays an important role for many real-world applications in e-Commerce such as product search and recommendation. Previous methods treat it as a sequence labeling task that needs more annotation for position of values in the product text. This limits their application to real-world scenario in which only attribute values are weakly-annotated for each product without their position. Moreover, these methods only use product text (i.e., product title and description) and do not consider the semantic connection between the multiple attribute values of a given product and its text, which can help attribute value extraction. In this paper, we reformulate this task as a multi-label classification task that can be applied for real-world scenario in which only annotation of attribute values is available to train models (i.e., annotation of positional information of attribute values is not available). We propose a classification model with semantic matching and negative label sampling for attribute value extraction. Semantic matching aims to capture semantic interactions between attribute values of a given product and its text. Negative label sampling aims to enhance the model's ability of distinguishing similar values belonging to the same attribute. Experimental results on three subsets of a large real-world e-Commerce dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed model.

Generative commonsense reasoning which aims to empower machines to generate sentences with the capacity of reasoning over a set of concepts is a critical bottleneck for text generation. Even the state-of-the-art pre-trained language generation models struggle at this task and often produce implausible and anomalous sentences. One reason is that they rarely consider incorporating the knowledge graph which can provide rich relational information among the commonsense concepts. To promote the ability of commonsense reasoning for text generation, we propose a novel knowledge graph augmented pre-trained language generation model KG-BART, which encompasses the complex relations of concepts through the knowledge graph and produces more logical and natural sentences as output. Moreover, KG-BART can leverage the graph attention to aggregate the rich concept semantics that enhances the model generalization on unseen concept sets. Experiments on benchmark CommonGen dataset verify the effectiveness of our proposed approach by comparing with several strong pre-trained language generation models, particularly KG-BART outperforms BART by 5.80, 4.60, in terms of BLEU-3, 4. Moreover, we also show that the generated context by our model can work as background scenarios to benefit downstream commonsense QA tasks.

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