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The escalating complexity of software systems and accelerating development cycles pose a significant challenge in managing code errors and implementing business logic. Traditional techniques, while cornerstone for software quality assurance, exhibit limitations in handling intricate business logic and extensive codebases. To address these challenges, we introduce the Intelligent Code Analysis Agent (ICAA), a novel concept combining AI models, engineering process designs, and traditional non-AI components. The ICAA employs the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 or GPT-4 to automatically detect and diagnose code errors and business logic inconsistencies. In our exploration of this concept, we observed a substantial improvement in bug detection accuracy, reducing the false-positive rate to 66\% from the baseline's 85\%, and a promising recall rate of 60.8\%. However, the token consumption cost associated with LLMs, particularly the average cost for analyzing each line of code, remains a significant consideration for widespread adoption. Despite this challenge, our findings suggest that the ICAA holds considerable potential to revolutionize software quality assurance, significantly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of bug detection in the software development process. We hope this pioneering work will inspire further research and innovation in this field, focusing on refining the ICAA concept and exploring ways to mitigate the associated costs.

Achieving human-like dexterous manipulation remains a crucial area of research in robotics. Current research focuses on improving the success rate of pick-and-place tasks. Compared with pick-and-place, throw-catching behavior has the potential to increase picking speed without transporting objects to their destination. However, dynamic dexterous manipulation poses a major challenge for stable control due to a large number of dynamic contacts. In this paper, we propose a Stability-Constrained Reinforcement Learning (SCRL) algorithm to learn to catch diverse objects with dexterous hands. The SCRL algorithm outperforms baselines by a large margin, and the learned policies show strong zero-shot transfer performance on unseen objects. Remarkably, even though the object in a hand facing sideward is extremely unstable due to the lack of support from the palm, our method can still achieve a high level of success in the most challenging task. Video demonstrations of learned behaviors and the code can be found on the supplementary website.

The Rust programming language is becoming increasingly popular among systems programmers due to its efficient performance and robust memory safety guarantees. Rust employs an ownership model to ensure this guarantee by allowing each value to be owned by only one identifier at a time. Additionally, it introduces the concept of borrowing and lifetimes to enable other variables to borrow the values under certain conditions temporarily. Despite its benefits, security vulnerabilities have been reported in Rust projects, often attributed to the use of "unsafe" Rust code. These vulnerabilities, in part, arise from incorrect lifetime annotations on function signatures. However, existing tools fail to detect these bugs, primarily because such bugs are rare, challenging to detect through dynamic analysis, and require explicit memory models. To overcome these limitations, first, we characterize incorrect lifetime annotations as a source of memory safety bugs and leverage this understanding to devise a novel static analysis tool, Yuga, to detect potential lifetime annotation bugs. Yuga uses a multi-phase analysis approach, starting with a quick pattern-matching algorithm to identify potential buggy components and then conducting a flow and field-sensitive alias analysis to confirm the bugs. We also curate new datasets of lifetime annotation bugs. Yuga successfully detects bugs with good precision on these datasets, and we make the code and datasets publicly available for review.

Watermarking techniques offer a promising way to secure data via embedding covert information into the data. A paramount challenge in the domain lies in preserving the distribution of original data during watermarking. Our research extends and refines existing watermarking framework, placing emphasis on the importance of a distribution-preserving (DiP) watermark. Contrary to the current strategies, our proposed DiPmark preserves the original token distribution during watermarking (stealthy), is detectable without access to the language model API or weights (efficient), and is robust to moderate changes of tokens (resilient). This is achieved by incorporating a novel reweight strategy, combined with a hash function that assigns unique \textit{i.i.d.} ciphers based on the context. The empirical benchmarks of our approach underscore its stealthiness, efficiency, and resilience, making it a robust solution for watermarking tasks that demand impeccable quality preservation.

When data is scarce, software analytics can make many mistakes. For example, consider learning predictors for open source project health (e.g. the number of closed pull requests in twelve months time). The training data for this task may be very small (e.g. five years of data, collected every month means just 60 rows of training data). The models generated from such tiny data sets can make many prediction errors. Those errors can be tamed by a {\em landscape analysis} that selects better learner control parameters. Our niSNEAK tool (a)~clusters the data to find the general landscape of the hyperparameters; then (b)~explores a few representatives from each part of that landscape. niSNEAK is both faster and more effective than prior state-of-the-art hyperparameter optimization algorithms (e.g. FLASH, HYPEROPT, OPTUNA). The configurations found by niSNEAK have far less error than other methods. For example, for project health indicators such as $C$= number of commits; $I$=number of closed issues, and $R$=number of closed pull requests, niSNEAK's 12 month prediction errors are \{I=0\%, R=33\%\,C=47\%\} Based on the above, we recommend landscape analytics (e.g. niSNEAK) especially when learning from very small data sets. This paper only explores the application of niSNEAK to project health. That said, we see nothing in principle that prevents the application of this technique to a wider range of problems. To assist other researchers in repeating, improving, or even refuting our results, all our scripts and data are available on GitHub at //github.com/zxcv123456qwe/niSneak

Product attribute value extraction plays an important role for many real-world applications in e-Commerce such as product search and recommendation. Previous methods treat it as a sequence labeling task that needs more annotation for position of values in the product text. This limits their application to real-world scenario in which only attribute values are weakly-annotated for each product without their position. Moreover, these methods only use product text (i.e., product title and description) and do not consider the semantic connection between the multiple attribute values of a given product and its text, which can help attribute value extraction. In this paper, we reformulate this task as a multi-label classification task that can be applied for real-world scenario in which only annotation of attribute values is available to train models (i.e., annotation of positional information of attribute values is not available). We propose a classification model with semantic matching and negative label sampling for attribute value extraction. Semantic matching aims to capture semantic interactions between attribute values of a given product and its text. Negative label sampling aims to enhance the model's ability of distinguishing similar values belonging to the same attribute. Experimental results on three subsets of a large real-world e-Commerce dataset demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed model.

As software projects rapidly evolve, software artifacts become more complex and defects behind get harder to identify. The emerging Transformer-based approaches, though achieving remarkable performance, struggle with long code sequences due to their self-attention mechanism, which scales quadratically with the sequence length. This paper introduces SparseCoder, an innovative approach incorporating sparse attention and learned token pruning (LTP) method (adapted from natural language processing) to address this limitation. Extensive experiments carried out on a large-scale dataset for vulnerability detection demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of SparseCoder, scaling from quadratically to linearly on long code sequence analysis in comparison to CodeBERT and RoBERTa. We further achieve 50% FLOPs reduction with a negligible performance drop of less than 1% comparing to Transformer leveraging sparse attention. Moverover, SparseCoder goes beyond making "black-box" decisions by elucidating the rationale behind those decisions. Code segments that contribute to the final decision can be highlighted with importance scores, offering an interpretable, transparent analysis tool for the software engineering landscape.

Steganography is the art of hiding information in plain sight. This form of covert communication can be used by bad actors to propagate malware, exfiltrate victim data, and communicate with other bad actors. Current image steganography defenses rely upon steganalysis, or the detection of hidden messages. These methods, however, are non-blind as they require information about known steganography techniques and are easily bypassed. Recent work has instead focused on a defense mechanism known as sanitization, which eliminates hidden information from images. In this work, we introduce a novel blind deep learning steganography sanitization method that utilizes a diffusion model framework to sanitize universal and dependent steganography (DM-SUDS), which both sanitizes and preserves image quality. We evaluate this approach against state-of-the-art deep learning sanitization frameworks and provide further detailed analysis through an ablation study. DM-SUDS outperforms previous sanitization methods and improves image preservation MSE by 71.32%, PSNR by 22.43% and SSIM by 17.30%. This is the first blind deep learning image sanitization framework to meet these image quality results.

Face recognition technology has advanced significantly in recent years due largely to the availability of large and increasingly complex training datasets for use in deep learning models. These datasets, however, typically comprise images scraped from news sites or social media platforms and, therefore, have limited utility in more advanced security, forensics, and military applications. These applications require lower resolution, longer ranges, and elevated viewpoints. To meet these critical needs, we collected and curated the first and second subsets of a large multi-modal biometric dataset designed for use in the research and development (R&D) of biometric recognition technologies under extremely challenging conditions. Thus far, the dataset includes more than 350,000 still images and over 1,300 hours of video footage of approximately 1,000 subjects. To collect this data, we used Nikon DSLR cameras, a variety of commercial surveillance cameras, specialized long-rage R&D cameras, and Group 1 and Group 2 UAV platforms. The goal is to support the development of algorithms capable of accurately recognizing people at ranges up to 1,000 m and from high angles of elevation. These advances will include improvements to the state of the art in face recognition and will support new research in the area of whole-body recognition using methods based on gait and anthropometry. This paper describes methods used to collect and curate the dataset, and the dataset's characteristics at the current stage.

Autonomic computing investigates how systems can achieve (user) specified control outcomes on their own, without the intervention of a human operator. Autonomic computing fundamentals have been substantially influenced by those of control theory for closed and open-loop systems. In practice, complex systems may exhibit a number of concurrent and inter-dependent control loops. Despite research into autonomic models for managing computer resources, ranging from individual resources (e.g., web servers) to a resource ensemble (e.g., multiple resources within a data center), research into integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to improve resource autonomy and performance at scale continues to be a fundamental challenge. The integration of AI/ML to achieve such autonomic and self-management of systems can be achieved at different levels of granularity, from full to human-in-the-loop automation. In this article, leading academics, researchers, practitioners, engineers, and scientists in the fields of cloud computing, AI/ML, and quantum computing join to discuss current research and potential future directions for these fields. Further, we discuss challenges and opportunities for leveraging AI and ML in next generation computing for emerging computing paradigms, including cloud, fog, edge, serverless and quantum computing environments.